順酐過程中的主要污染源及污染物是廢氣、廢水、廢渣等，在如何處理廢氣等方面作了以研究和分析:由于順酐過程中產(chǎn)生的廢氣如果直接排放會(huì)對(duì)人身體健康造成非常大的傷害，因此必須積極有效地進(jìn)行處理。水吸收塔或有機(jī)溶劑吸收塔排放出的尾氣是順酐裝置的尾氣主要來(lái)源，在以苯為原料的路線上，廢氣處理系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)就是為了從吸收塔排出氣體中的有機(jī)

The main pollution sources and pollutants in the production process of maleic anhydride are exhaust gas, wastewater, waste residue, etc. Research and analysis have been conducted on how to treat exhaust gas. As the exhaust gas generated in the production process of maleic anhydride can cause significant harm to human health if discharged directly, it must be actively and effectively treated. The exhaust gas discharged from the water absorption tower or organic solvent absorption tower is the main source of exhaust gas in the production of maleic anhydride units. In the production route using benzene as raw material, the design of the exhaust gas treatment system is to remove organic matter from the exhaust gas from the absorption tower

物，如苯、二甲苯、CO等。

Substances such as benzene, xylene, CO, etc.

的方法是使有機(jī)物在催化劑的作用下與氧發(fā)生反應(yīng)，使之變成水和二氧化碳。應(yīng)根據(jù)尾氣中污染物的濃度、性質(zhì)、條件和經(jīng)濟(jì)性進(jìn)行實(shí)施。以正丁烷制順酐尾氣處理為例，廢氣處理程序較為復(fù)雜，但卻有效節(jié)約能源。其工藝流程為:自吸收塔頂排出的廢氣中會(huì)

The method of removal is to cause organic matter to react with oxygen under the action of a catalyst, turning it into water and carbon dioxide. Implementation should be based on the concentration, nature, production conditions, and economic efficiency of pollutants in the exhaust gas. Taking the treatment of tail gas from n-butane to maleic anhydride as an example, the waste gas treatment process is relatively complex, but it effectively saves energy. The process flow is as follows: in the exhaust gas discharged from the top of the absorption tower

有大量CO、未反應(yīng)的正丁烷和其他有機(jī)物及氧等，進(jìn)入膜分離裝置，含正丁烷的氣體返回反應(yīng)器，另一部分廢氣，即滲余氣則送入蓄熱式氧化器。燃?xì)饧訜岬?90C，使有機(jī)物在高溫下發(fā)生氧化反應(yīng)，運(yùn)行后小再需外界燃料供應(yīng)，廢氣自行氧化且生成的熱量產(chǎn)生2.5MPa蒸汽3.6t/h。氧化后的廢氣中的碳?xì)浠衔镆訡Oz和水蒸氣的形式排放到大氣中。

A large amount of CO, unreacted n-butane, other organic compounds, and oxygen enter the membrane separation device, and the gas containing n-butane returns to the reactor. The other part of the exhaust gas, i.e. residual gas, is sent to the regenerative oxidation reactor. Heating the gas to 790C causes organic matter to undergo oxidation reaction at high temperatures. After operation, external fuel supply is required, and the exhaust gas oxidizes itself and generates 2.5MPa steam of 3.6t/h of heat. The hydrocarbons in the oxidized exhaust gas are discharged into the atmosphere in the form of COz and water vapor.

苯法順酐是在固定床反應(yīng)器中，使原料苯經(jīng)過催化劑V-M)-P碳化硅的催化，與空氣接觸完成氧化反應(yīng)，生成順酐氣體。然后順酐氣體經(jīng)水的吸收，以及恒沸脫水，減壓連續(xù)精餾后，得到順酐。苯法順酐的工藝中，通過對(duì)催化劑的裝填、反應(yīng)器壓力、反應(yīng)器進(jìn)口氣溫度、空速和熔鹽溫度的優(yōu)化來(lái)完善整個(gè)工藝。

The production of maleic anhydride by the benzene method is carried out in a fixed bed reactor, where the raw material benzene is catalyzed by the catalyst V-M) - P silicon carbide and comes into contact with air to complete the oxidation reaction, generating maleic anhydride gas. Then, the maleic anhydride gas is absorbed by water, followed by azeotropic dehydration and continuous distillation under reduced pressure to obtain maleic anhydride. In the production process of benzene based maleic anhydride, the entire process is improved by optimizing the loading of catalysts, reactor pressure, reactor inlet temperature, space velocity, and molten salt temperature.

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